Treatments. If Cushing’s syndrome comes from a tumor on your pet’s adrenal glands, the vet might be able to remove it with surgery, which will cure him of the problem. But if the tumor has ...PPID is caused by degeneration of neurons that affect the production of hormones such as adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Common clinical signs include a long, curly hair coat, delayed shedding, loss of muscle, poor immune function, and laminitis. The only medication licensed for the treatment of PPID in horses is pergolide mesylate.Endocrine System What is Cushing's syndrome? Cushing's syndrome is a hormonal disorder. It’s caused when you have high levels of the hormone cortisol over a long time. Cushing's syndrome is fairly rare. It most often affects adults who are 20 to 50 years old. It is sometimes called hypercortisolism. Other symptoms of Cushing's Disease in Horses: Excessive drinking and urination. Non-specific laminitis. A tendency for recurring infections in the hoof (foot abscesses) Loss of muscle mass, especially along the topline and rump. Depression and/or lack of energy. Fatty deposits, including cresty neck and/or weight loss. Hemp Oil for Cushings Disease In Dogs. One such treatment method involves using Hemp oil. Researchers have discovered that Hemp oil for Pets has no intoxicating, hallucinogenic or addictive side effects with use. Beyond being a Cushings disease in dogs natural treatment, it helps reduce seizures in dogs, has anti-inflammatory attributes that ...In cases with an ACT, either trilostane or the adrenocorticolytic drug mitotane can be used. Although mostly effective, both treatments have disadvantages. This review discusses the current treatment options for canine hypercortisolism, and considers their mechanism of action, efficacy, adverse effects, and effect on survival. Sugar cubes, apples, sweet feed and other things high in carbohydrates and sugars should be eliminated. Instead, feed your horse a diet that is high in protein and fiber; seek out types of feeds that meet your requirements or find feeds specially formulated for horses with Cushing’s disease. Your horse should also be given vitamins and ... Eastern herbals and dietary therapy is The way I treat pretty much all Cushing’s. The typical Western treatment with vetoryl I pretty much reserved for the most aggressive forms of Cushing’s. Other treatments you might be interested in for atypical Cushing’s include melatonin and lignan therapy. Thank you and I hope this helps. Daphne:Treatments. Treatment for Cushing's syndrome depends on the specific reason for cortisol excess and may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or the use of cortisol-inhibiting drugs. Surgery Surgery typically involves transsphenoidal removal of the adenoma. It is one of the primary treatment method used to achieve a long-term cure of Cushing ... Treatment options include: Reduce the use of corticosteroids. If the cause of Cushing’s syndrome is the long-term use of corticosteroid medications, the doctor may be able to control the signs and symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome by gradually lowering the dosage of the corticosteroid-containing medicine over a period of time, while still managing the condition for which you take it. Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome is a grave disease that requires a multidisciplinary and individualized treatment approach for each patient. Approximately 80% of all patients harbour a corticotroph pituitary adenoma (Cushing’s disease) with excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropin-hormone (ACTH) and, consecutively, cortisol.Cushing's syndrome is a disorder caused by the body’s exposure to an excess of the hormone cortisol. Cortisol affects all tissues and organs in the body. These effects together are known as Cushing's syndrome. Cushing’s syndrome can be caused by overuse of cortisol medication, as seen in the treatment of chronic asthma or rheumatoid ... Dec 8, 2022 · In most cases, Cushing's disease begins as subtle changes in behaviour and appearance. The most obvious sign is the lack of a topline. The hair coat may be thin or coarse, and there may be evidence of delayed shedding. Horses with Cushing's disease are usually lethargic. Their appetite and energy levels decrease. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Isturisa (osilodrostat) oral tablets for adults with Cushing’s disease who either cannot undergo pituitary gland surgery or have undergone the... Treatments. If Cushing’s syndrome comes from a tumor on your pet’s adrenal glands, the vet might be able to remove it with surgery, which will cure him of the problem. But if the tumor has ...May 9, 2019 · Other causes include tumors that make the body produce excess cortisol. Cushing syndrome includes a range of treatable symptoms. In most cases, the syndrome is curable. NICHD is one of the many federal agencies that support and conduct research on the causes of Cushing syndrome, ways to diagnose it earlier, and better treatments. Other symptoms of Cushing's Disease in Horses: Excessive drinking and urination. Non-specific laminitis. A tendency for recurring infections in the hoof (foot abscesses) Loss of muscle mass, especially along the topline and rump. Depression and/or lack of energy. Fatty deposits, including cresty neck and/or weight loss. The type of Cushing's disease may determine what kind of treatment is prescribed. Veterinarians use blood tests to diagnose Cushing's and to differentiate between disease caused by the pituitary ...Hi Dr. Angie, Thank you so much for all of the info regarding holistic treatments for Cushing’s Disease! My 8yo boxer was diagnosed this week and I decided to take the holistic approach so your article has been very helpful! 🙂 I’ve ordered Raw Ground Turkey, Farm Fresh Grass Fed Raw Goat Milk Kefir for probiotics, and beef broth for hydration to switch him off of kibble.Treatment of Cushing’s Disease. The location of the tumor dictates which treatment to use. More than 90 percent of dogs with CD have a pituitary-gland tumor. This type of tumor is only ...In most cases, Cushing's disease begins as subtle changes in behaviour and appearance. The most obvious sign is the lack of a topline. The hair coat may be thin or coarse, and there may be evidence of delayed shedding. Horses with Cushing's disease are usually lethargic. Their appetite and energy levels decrease.That said, 50% of the horses were alive 4.6 years after diagnosis (most that didn’t live got euthanized, and most of those got euthanzied because of problems related to Cushing’s). So, the bottom line is that you shouldn’t expect a treated horse to live longer with treatment, nor even to necessarily avoid problems. 10.Treatment options include: Reduce the use of corticosteroids. If the cause of Cushing’s syndrome is the long-term use of corticosteroid medications, the doctor may be able to control the signs and symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome by gradually lowering the dosage of the corticosteroid-containing medicine over a period of time, while still managing the condition for which you take it. Radiation treatment of pituitary tumors … or removal of the pituitary gland (hypophysectomy) has a better prognosis of 2-5 years. Adrenal tumors can sometimes be removed with surgery, giving prognosis of 18 months. Options For Conventional Cushing’s Treatment. The goal of conventional drugs for Cushing’s is two-fold:None of the medications can cure Cushing’s, so they are usually taken until other treatments are given to cure Cushing’s, and only after that if the other treatment fails. The most common treatment for Cushing’s disease is transsphenoidal surgery, which requires the surgeon to reach the pituitary gland through the nostril or upper lip and ...Beyond herbal treatment for Cushings disease, supplements may also be beneficial to your dog. Fish oil can help improve the condition of your dog’s skin and coat. HMR or flaxseed lignans are other excellent options for treatment, as they inhibit certain enzymes that aid cortisol production. These two lignans alone can make an enormous ...Cushing’s disease is a debilitating disease, usually affecting geriatric dogs. Cushing’s happens due to a malfunction in your dog’s Endocrine System. Specifically, Cushing’s disease in dogs occurs when the dog’s adrenal glands overproduce Cortisol, also known as the “stress hormone”. The adrenal glands produce and store Cortisol.Cushing’s syndrome, also called hypercortisolism, refers to the presence of excessive amounts of cortisol in the bloodstream over a lengthy period of time. The most common cause is steroid use. Other causes include ectopic tumors and adrenal cortex tumors. Cushing’s disease refers only to hypercortisolism caused by the presence of a tumor ...Treatments will vary depending on the type of Cushing’s disease your dog has. Pituitary tumor. Treatment of pituitary dependent Cushing’s disease is the most complicated. Two drugs, trilostane and mitotane are commonly used. Adrenal tumor. Treatment of an adrenal dependent Cushing’s disease usually requires major abdominal surgery.What's the Treatment for Cushing's Disease in Dogs? Treatment of Cushing’s disease in dogs is largely dependent on the underlying cause. Treatment options include: Surgery. Medication. Radiation. If Cushing’s disease is caused by the excessive use of steroids, the steroid dosage should be carefully tapered down and discontinued.Recorlev (levoketoconazole, COR-003) Recorlev is a cortisol inhibitor that Strongbridge Biopharma (formerly Cortendo) is developing as a Cushing’s disease treatment. Both the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have granted recorlev orphan drug status. A Phase 3 clinical trial called SONICS (NCT01838551) tested the treatment in ...Common side effects of Cushing’s syndrome medications are unique to the mechanism of action of the medication. Speak with a healthcare provider about medication-specific side effects. Some well-known side effects include: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Headache and dizziness. Anxiety and depression.Endocrine System What is Cushing's syndrome? Cushing's syndrome is a hormonal disorder. It’s caused when you have high levels of the hormone cortisol over a long time. Cushing's syndrome is fairly rare. It most often affects adults who are 20 to 50 years old. It is sometimes called hypercortisolism.Mar 1, 2018 · The Leptin Connection. Cushing’s disease, which causes a constant fight-or-flight state of elevated cortisol, forces the body to store loads of fat to protect the organs. “People often gain 100 pounds. I was lucky to gain a little over 30, but as a trainer that can end your career,” says Lombard. Mar 8, 2019 · Beyond herbal treatment for Cushings disease, supplements may also be beneficial to your dog. Fish oil can help improve the condition of your dog’s skin and coat. HMR or flaxseed lignans are other excellent options for treatment, as they inhibit certain enzymes that aid cortisol production. These two lignans alone can make an enormous ... Best Cushing’s Disease Treatment For Horses. The most common and effective treatment for Cushing’s disease is a drug called pergolide mesylate. Your veterinarian may also refer to this drug as Prascend®. Pergolide comes in tablet form and is given once per day. It works by reducing the high levels of ACTH.None of the medications can cure Cushing’s, so they are usually taken until other treatments are given to cure Cushing’s, and only after that if the other treatment fails. The most common treatment for Cushing’s disease is transsphenoidal surgery, which requires the surgeon to reach the pituitary gland through the nostril or upper lip and ... Treatments will vary depending on the type of Cushing’s disease your dog has. Pituitary tumor. Treatment of pituitary dependent Cushing’s disease is the most complicated. Two drugs, trilostane and mitotane are commonly used. Adrenal tumor. Treatment of an adrenal dependent Cushing’s disease usually requires major abdominal surgery.The type of Cushing's disease may determine what kind of treatment is prescribed. Veterinarians use blood tests to diagnose Cushing's and to differentiate between disease caused by the pituitary ... Hemp Oil for Cushings Disease In Dogs. One such treatment method involves using Hemp oil. Researchers have discovered that Hemp oil for Pets has no intoxicating, hallucinogenic or addictive side effects with use. Beyond being a Cushings disease in dogs natural treatment, it helps reduce seizures in dogs, has anti-inflammatory attributes that ...In most cases, Cushing's disease begins as subtle changes in behaviour and appearance. The most obvious sign is the lack of a topline. The hair coat may be thin or coarse, and there may be evidence of delayed shedding. Horses with Cushing's disease are usually lethargic. Their appetite and energy levels decrease.Cushing's disease (also known as Cushing’s syndrome) is a condition in which the adrenal glands overproduce certain hormones. The medical term for this disease is hyperadrenocorticism. Literally translated, “hyper” means over-active, “adreno” means adrenal gland, and “corticism” refers to the outer part (cortex) of the adrenal gland.The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Isturisa (osilodrostat) oral tablets for adults with Cushing’s disease who either cannot undergo pituitary gland surgery or have undergone the...Treatment is typically pursued when the clinical signs start affecting a dog’s quality of life, and also when it’s necessary to reduce the complications associated with Cushing’s syndrome. It’s important to talk with your veterinarian about how to weigh the risks of surgery or the possible side effects of available medications. Aug 19, 2015 · The Endocrine Society recommends that the first-line treatment for endogenous Cushing’s syndrome be the removal of the tumor unless surgery is not possible or unlikely to address the excess cortisol. Surgical removal of the tumor is optimal because it leaves intact the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which is integral to the body’s ... Treatment for Cushing's syndrome. Cushing's syndrome usually gets better with treatment, although it might take a long time to recover completely. Treatment depends on what's causing it. If it's caused by taking steroids: your steroid dose will be gradually reduced or stopped; If it's caused by a tumour, treatment may include: surgery to remove ... Other causes include tumors that make the body produce excess cortisol. Cushing syndrome includes a range of treatable symptoms. In most cases, the syndrome is curable. NICHD is one of the many federal agencies that support and conduct research on the causes of Cushing syndrome, ways to diagnose it earlier, and better treatments.Melatonin and Lignans together provide an excellent natural treatment for both Cushing’s and Atypical Cushing’s disease. In fact, Melatonin and lignans help your dog’s system return to normal. What’s even better is that both of these supplements are readily available at my online store, TCVM Pet Supply.The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Isturisa (osilodrostat) oral tablets for adults with Cushing’s disease who either cannot undergo pituitary gland surgery or have undergone the...Nov 17, 2016 · Melatonin and Lignans together provide an excellent natural treatment for both Cushing’s and Atypical Cushing’s disease. In fact, Melatonin and lignans help your dog’s system return to normal. What’s even better is that both of these supplements are readily available at my online store, TCVM Pet Supply. May 9, 2019 · Other causes include tumors that make the body produce excess cortisol. Cushing syndrome includes a range of treatable symptoms. In most cases, the syndrome is curable. NICHD is one of the many federal agencies that support and conduct research on the causes of Cushing syndrome, ways to diagnose it earlier, and better treatments. Treatments will vary depending on the type of Cushing’s disease your dog has. Pituitary tumor. Treatment of pituitary dependent Cushing’s disease is the most complicated. Two drugs, trilostane and mitotane are commonly used. Adrenal tumor. Treatment of an adrenal dependent Cushing’s disease usually requires major abdominal surgery.Treatment seldom achieves complete resolution or remission of disease. Reasons to treat: 1. Quality of life may be enhanced through treatment. 2. Infertility may be temporarily overcome by treatment of older broodmares with confirmed pituitary adenoma. Two drugs are currently available to treat PPID: 1. PergolideEquine Cushing’s Disease is more commonly known as Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID). It involves the overproduction of certain pituitary hormones and is the most common endocrine disease of older horses and ponies. PPID occurs in all breeds and both genders, with increasing age as the only proven risk factor.Hi Dr. Angie, Thank you so much for all of the info regarding holistic treatments for Cushing’s Disease! My 8yo boxer was diagnosed this week and I decided to take the holistic approach so your article has been very helpful! 🙂 I’ve ordered Raw Ground Turkey, Farm Fresh Grass Fed Raw Goat Milk Kefir for probiotics, and beef broth for hydration to switch him off of kibble.Lifestyle and home remedies Increase activities slowly. Work up to a comfortable level of exercise or activity without overdoing it. Don't do... Eat sensibly. Nutritious foods are a good source of fuel for your body during recovery. They also can help you lose any... Keep an eye on your mental ...Jan 18, 2022 · Natural Treatments for Canine Cushing’s. In addition to a good diet, your dog may benefit from a few herbs and supplements that are proving to help with this condition. Cushing’s is a complicated disease, and you may have to experiment a bit in order to get the best treatment for your dog. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Isturisa (osilodrostat) oral tablets for adults with Cushing’s disease who either cannot undergo pituitary gland surgery or have undergone the...Burdock Root. Burdock root is one of the very popular and effective herbal treatments for Cushing’s syndrome due to its impact on hormonal levels. Burdock root tea can be prepared very easily and can help to modulate adrenal function, thus eliminating many of the symptoms of this syndrome. [5]Natural remedies are a possible alternative treatment for Cushing’s disease in dogs. Reducing the overall fat content in a dog’s diet, as well as supplementing their diet with herbs like kelp or dandelion root, can reduce some symptoms of the disease. Melatonin supplements are also beneficial. Some of the treatments available to combat ...Melatonin and Lignans together provide an excellent natural treatment for both Cushing’s and Atypical Cushing’s disease. In fact, Melatonin and lignans help your dog’s system return to normal. What’s even better is that both of these supplements are readily available at my online store, TCVM Pet Supply.None of the medications can cure Cushing’s, so they are usually taken until other treatments are given to cure Cushing’s, and only after that if the other treatment fails. The most common treatment for Cushing’s disease is transsphenoidal surgery, which requires the surgeon to reach the pituitary gland through the nostril or upper lip and ...What treatments are best for Cushing syndrome? Reducing corticosteroid use. Regular, long-term use of oral corticosteroids such as prednisone is the most common cause... Surgery. A doctor may recommend surgery if your Cushing syndrome is caused by a tumor. A procedure called... Radiation therapy. ...In cases with an ACT, either trilostane or the adrenocorticolytic drug mitotane can be used. Although mostly effective, both treatments have disadvantages. This review discusses the current treatment options for canine hypercortisolism, and considers their mechanism of action, efficacy, adverse effects, and effect on survival. Treatments & Medication for Cushing’s Disease in Dogs. There are two main drugs used in the treatment of Cushing’s disease in dogs. A form of the insecticide DDT (drug names include Lysodren® and mitotane) can destroy the cells that produce cortisone in the adrenal glands. Other medications such as trilostane help decrease the amount of ...Melatonin for dogs with Cushings. Melatonin can be effective in the treatment of Cushing’s because it inhibits two enzymes needed in the production of cortisol. By inhibiting the enzymes, cortisol levels can be reduced. It is important to use the right kind of melatonin and to keep melatonin in the body at a constant level.Melatonin for dogs with Cushings. Melatonin can be effective in the treatment of Cushing’s because it inhibits two enzymes needed in the production of cortisol. By inhibiting the enzymes, cortisol levels can be reduced. It is important to use the right kind of melatonin and to keep melatonin in the body at a constant level.III. The First-line Treatment of Cushing's Disease. The main objectives for the treatment of CD include: 1) normalization of cortisol secretion; 2) reversal of the clinical picture; 3) prevention or recovery of the concomitant comorbidities and clinical complications; and 4) long-term disease control without disease recurrence (1, 2, 7, 84 ...The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Isturisa (osilodrostat) oral tablets for adults with Cushing’s disease who either cannot undergo pituitary gland surgery or have undergone the... Nov 17, 2016 · Melatonin and Lignans together provide an excellent natural treatment for both Cushing’s and Atypical Cushing’s disease. In fact, Melatonin and lignans help your dog’s system return to normal. What’s even better is that both of these supplements are readily available at my online store, TCVM Pet Supply. Equine Cushing’s disease is a disorder of the pituitary gland that results in hormonal imbalances, causing a variety of clinical signs: a long, wavy haircoat that fails to shed according to normal seasonal patterns; excessive sweating; lethargy and poor athletic performance; chronic recurrent laminitis; infertility; weight loss; muscle ...Other causes include tumors that make the body produce excess cortisol. Cushing syndrome includes a range of treatable symptoms. In most cases, the syndrome is curable. NICHD is one of the many federal agencies that support and conduct research on the causes of Cushing syndrome, ways to diagnose it earlier, and better treatments.Jan 10, 2023 · Common side effects of Cushing’s syndrome medications are unique to the mechanism of action of the medication. Speak with a healthcare provider about medication-specific side effects. Some well-known side effects include: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Headache and dizziness. Anxiety and depression. Cushing syndrome impacts around 10-15 million people each year and has far-reaching implications for overall health. It can be difficult to get a proper diagnosis as it mimics so many other conditions. While Cushing disease shares the same symptoms, it has a different cause. Let’s take a closer look at both and the natural remedies that can help.Treatments will vary depending on the type of Cushing’s disease your dog has. Pituitary tumor. Treatment of pituitary dependent Cushing’s disease is the most complicated. Two drugs, trilostane and mitotane are commonly used. Adrenal tumor. Treatment of an adrenal dependent Cushing’s disease usually requires major abdominal surgery.Endocrine Today | More than a century has passed since neurosurgeon and pathologist Harvey Cushing described the disease that would eventually bear his name, but only recently have several key ...Conventional Medical Treatments for Cushing’s in Dogs. Possible conventional treatments for Cushing’s disease include surgery, radiation and medicine. Surgery: Surgery can be used to remove a malignant adrenal tumor that is causing Cushing’s. But it’s rarely used for pituitary tumors, because they are very small and difficult to remove.TREATMENT OF CUSHING DISEASE. When Cushing syndrome results from a corticotropin (ACTH)-producing tumor of the pituitary gland (Cushing disease), treatment may include surgery, radiation, or medication to lower cortisol levels. Surgery — Surgical removal of a small pituitary adenoma (benign tumor) is called "transsphenoidal adenomectomy."
Feb 26, 2016 · These treatments might be the only option for people with Cushing’s disease that has progressed, but for others with Cushing’s syndrome or just symptoms of high cortisol, lifestyle changes can ... . Historia de azo y aja
Melatonin for dogs with Cushings. Melatonin can be effective in the treatment of Cushing’s because it inhibits two enzymes needed in the production of cortisol. By inhibiting the enzymes, cortisol levels can be reduced. It is important to use the right kind of melatonin and to keep melatonin in the body at a constant level. Other causes include tumors that make the body produce excess cortisol. Cushing syndrome includes a range of treatable symptoms. In most cases, the syndrome is curable. NICHD is one of the many federal agencies that support and conduct research on the causes of Cushing syndrome, ways to diagnose it earlier, and better treatments.Sep 22, 2020 · Cushing’s syndrome is a very “stressful” disease to contract, but there are many natural remedies for this condition, including sleeping more, reducing stress, exercising regularly, altering your diet, and using herbal treatments, among others. Common side effects of Cushing’s syndrome medications are unique to the mechanism of action of the medication. Speak with a healthcare provider about medication-specific side effects. Some well-known side effects include: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Headache and dizziness. Anxiety and depression.Treatments. Treatment for Cushing's syndrome depends on the specific reason for cortisol excess and may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or the use of cortisol-inhibiting drugs. Surgery Surgery typically involves transsphenoidal removal of the adenoma. It is one of the primary treatment method used to achieve a long-term cure of Cushing ...Surgery - If your dog's Cushing's disease was caused by a tumor, surgery might be an option. Only your vet is qualified to consult with about this option. 3-beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase drugs - These drugs have been shown to be an effective treatment for canine and feline Cushing’s syndrome. These are a synthetic, orally active steroid ...Jun 7, 2023 · Lifestyle and home remedies. Increase activities slowly. Work up to a comfortable level of exercise or activity without overdoing it. Don't do activities that could cause you to ... Eat sensibly. Nutritious foods are a good source of fuel for your body during recovery. They also can help you lose ... Aug 19, 2015 · The Endocrine Society recommends that the first-line treatment for endogenous Cushing’s syndrome be the removal of the tumor unless surgery is not possible or unlikely to address the excess cortisol. Surgical removal of the tumor is optimal because it leaves intact the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which is integral to the body’s ... The main indications for medical therapy of Cushing's syndrome include (see "Overview of the treatment of Cushing syndrome" ): Control of hypercortisolism in preparation for surgery – Although the hypercortisolism of Cushing's disease is optimally treated surgically, medical therapy is often required when surgery is delayed.Summary of Recommendations 1. Treatment goals for Cushing's syndrome. 1.1 In patients with overt Cushing's syndrome (CS), we recommend normalizing cortisol levels or action at its receptors to eliminate the signs and symptoms of CS and treating comorbidities associated with hypercortisolism.In cases with an ACT, either trilostane or the adrenocorticolytic drug mitotane can be used. Although mostly effective, both treatments have disadvantages. This review discusses the current treatment options for canine hypercortisolism, and considers their mechanism of action, efficacy, adverse effects, and effect on survival. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Isturisa (osilodrostat) oral tablets for adults with Cushing’s disease who either cannot undergo pituitary gland surgery or have undergone the...Cushing's syndrome is a disorder caused by the body’s exposure to an excess of the hormone cortisol. Cortisol affects all tissues and organs in the body. These effects together are known as Cushing's syndrome. Cushing’s syndrome can be caused by overuse of cortisol medication, as seen in the treatment of chronic asthma or rheumatoid ...Cushing's syndrome is the result of excessive corticosteroids in the body. The main cause is overproduction of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) in the pituitary gland. ACTH causes the adrenal glands to produce corticosteroids, so too much of ACTH means too much of corticosteroids. Another main cause is taking long-term external steroids like ....